off-chain scaling Depth Analysis
1. The Necessity of Expansion
The future vision of blockchain is to achieve decentralization, security, and scalability, but typically only two of these can be achieved at a time. This is known as the blockchain's impossible triangle problem. For years, people have been exploring how to increase the throughput and transaction speed of blockchain while ensuring decentralization and security, which is to solve the scalability issue.
Let us first roughly define the decentralization, security, and scalability of blockchain:
- Decentralization: Anyone can become a node and participate in the blockchain system. The more nodes there are, the higher the degree of decentralization.
- Security: The higher the cost of gaining control over the blockchain system, the higher the security, and the chain can resist a larger proportion of attacks.
- Scalability: The ability of a blockchain to handle a large volume of transactions.
The first significant hard fork of the Bitcoin network originated from scalability issues. As the number of users and transaction volume increased, 1